Les prépositions en anglais

– A prepositional phrase consists of the preposition, its object. The object of the preposition is always a noun, pronoun, or a group of words used as a noun.

I put the book on the table. 

On is the preposition in the above sentence. To find the object of the preposition ask
« on what? » The noun « table » answers the question, so it is the object of the preposition.

– Prepositional phrases are used as adjectives or adverbs.

A. When prepositional phrases are used as adjectives, the phrase comes immediately after the noun or pronoun it modifies. The phrase answers one of the following questions about the word it modifies: nWhich one? What kind of? How many? Whose?

EX  – The book on the table is mine. 

The prepositional phrase, « on the table, » tells which book. The phrase « on the table » is used as an adjective modifying the noun « book. »

B. When prepositional phrases are used as adverbs, they may be found any place in the sentence.
The adverb phrase tells how, when, where, or under what condition about a verb, adjective, or adverb.

EX – I put the book on the table. 

The phrase « on the table » tells whereI put the book. It modifies the verb « put » and is used as an adverb.

4. The following is a list of frequently used prepositions:

A. Simple Prepositions: single word

about, above, according to, across, after, against, along, amid, amidst, among, away, from, apart, from, around, aside, from, at, before, behind, below, beneath, on, onto out, outside, over past, through to towards, under, underneath, until up, upon, beside, besides, between, beyond, concerning, despite, down, during, except, for from in, into, including, like, near, of, off, with, within, without

B. Compound Prepositions: two or three words 

because of, in spite of, along with, out of, by means of, by way of, in front of, next to, across from,